tugas research
DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF SPEECH ACT
(A STUDY AT THE ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
OF FKIP UNISMUH MAKASSAR)
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
A.
Background
Language is one of
important part in human life where language is tool that is used in
communication. Many languages that we have know and English is defined as
international language to communicate every single person in the world. Study about
English is necessary for students now, because most of countries use English as
second language. English has four aspects, those are speaking, listening,
writing, and reading. These four aspects are learned by the students
frequently.
Before study about
English more, we need to know how the language is formed and the way they
understand our concept. Studying English need analysis, especially in speaking.
While talking students need to analyze what words they will choose, the
grammatical has been true, listeners get meaning, and many others. Many people
do not know how to understand meaning of the words truly.
Nowadays, there is a
way to help students to construct good sentences by studying discourse
analysis. Actually, discourse is a language that has been complete unit, has a structure containing, clear meaning and can be delivered orally or in writing.
According Harimurti Kridalaksana,
discourse (discourse) is a unit of language is
the most complete and highest or largest
grammatical unit in
grammatical hierarchy. (1983:179 in Sumarlam,
2009:5). While, Henry Thunder Tarin (1987:27)
argues that the language
of discourse is the most complete unit,
higher than the clauses and sentences, has
good cohesion and
coherence, have a
clear beginning and end, continuous, and
can be delivered orally or in writing.
It means discourse analysis is language assessment that takes into account all aspects of the language itself. Sarwiji Kelvin (2008:145) argues that discourse analysis is basically the study of the function of language or the use of language as a means of communication.
In discourse analysis is
emphasized on 3 aspects those are written, spoken and signed language. In
relation of this aspect, the researcher focus on speech act. Austin (1962) stated that the speech act is an act that appears when utter something. Austin distinguishes speech act analysis into three parts: those are locutionary
act, illocutionary act, perlocutionary act. Speech act is extremely need for
every single person because they speak not as simple as seen. We need choose
best words to say to others, do not they misinterpret with what you say. Therefore based on the explanation
above, the researcher then will conduct this research under the title “Discourse
Analysis Of Speech Act ”
B.
Problem
statement
This study is conducted in order to answer these following
questions:
1. How
the students ability in discourse analysis of speech act in term of illocutionary
act?
2. How
the students ability in discourse analysis of speech act in term of
perlocutionary act?
C.
Objective of
study
Based on the problem statement which is mentioned before, the
objective of research is:
“To know the students ability in discourse analysis of speech
act in term of illocutionary and perlocutionary act in speaking English of
Makassar Muhammadiyah University”
D.
Significant
of the study
The result of the research are expected to be useful and
helpful information for readers and particularly of the students discourse
analysis aspect in learning language process and help the lecturer to know
students weakness in discourse analysis.
E.
Scope of the
study
The research is restricted to find discourse analysis of
speech acts in term of illocutionary and perlocutionary act (directives) in
speaking English at the seventh semester
of Makassar Muhammadiyah University
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